.2 Matters

 

Throughout the whole semester, I have been learning many new strategies as to how I can become a better teacher and student professionally.  Areas in my development include, being more observant when I am in the field.  Realizing questioning my surroundings is only enhancing my learning.  Followed by those questions is researching information about the questions that come about.  The most importantly, self reflection.  This course has shed light on how important is to self-reflect during your work.  Being an educator in the future, self-reflection is vital.  In order for me to grow as a teacher, I must first realize what I need to improve on in the future.

I believe my second blog, “Let there be light!”   was my strongest.  The topic that I chose to write about,  was one that I feel passionate about.

If i were to experience the R2P project again, I would liked to have shared my questions and research as a group discussion in class.  I am more of a, talk face to face person rather than sharing ideas and thoughts via online.  It would have been beneficial if the class had a chance to have a group discussion about our findings, and perhaps we could have learned from each other. Also, I would have lessen the amount of R2Ps we had to do.  Instead of five posts, I would have liked to do three, but those three had to be more thorough.  That way, this would give the class time to have a group discussion about our findings.  I also would have liked that at least one of our R2Ps were curriculum centered because I do not feel as though we learned enough about curriculum during the semester.

From the R2P project I am taking away with me, the importance of questioning, researching and self-reflection. The formula that we taught for R2P is a real-world formula that we can apply to the real world, especially as a future teacher.  In my future classroom, I will be reflecting on what teachings were effective and which need improvement.

The advice that I would give to students who are about to do the R2P project is to keep an open mind.  Anything is worth reading up on or researching.  Also, do not think you do not need any reflection!  Regardless of how hard you tried, there is always room for reflection!

 

Appealing to the Eye

They say pictures are worth a thousand words, and those words translates into meanings.  Pictures, visuals, whatever you chose to call them; they are highly used in classrooms because educators understand the influence they have on learners.

From the beginning of my time spent in my HeadStart placement, I have noticed that visuals are constantly used, and highly effective.  The students are in the preschool five days a week, from 8:30am to 2:30pm.  Every single day, the same visuals are used constantly throughout the whole day and whole week. I use to think it was extremely redundant but, isn’t that what young learners need?

Some of the classroom visuals include:

  • washing hands
  • how to behave during carpet time
  • daily schedule
  • clean up routine
  • bucket filler reminders
  • how to solve problems between another student
  • tooth brushing
  • emotional regulations

Everyone learns differently.  Some are more of an auditory learner oppose to visual learners, but it is important that educators connect all types of learners into their teaching.  As far as what I observed the students in the preschool classroom are accustom and refer to the visuals often.

Good teaching is modeling the expected behavior, especially with young learners.  Young learners may have limited vocabulary and language to express and comprehend, so they need to know what behaviors look like. There are several reasons why visuals are effective in the classroom.  Special Education Careers wrote an article on seven reasons why visuals are effective in early childhood classrooms.

  1. Establish routines
  2. Set Clear Expectations
  3. Support Smooth Activity Transitions
  4. Reinforce Desired Behaviors
  5. Demonstrate Requests
  6. Simplify Decision-Making
  7. Build Social Skills

I would have to agree with all seven of those reasons.  I actually think that visuals shouldn’t stop being used once children enter older grades.  The older children get the less creative their classrooms are, and why is that?  Implementing simple age appropriate visuals into a classroom could be just as effective as they are in early childhood classrooms.

 

Resources:

“7 Reasons To Use Visual Supports in the Early Childhood ESE Classroom.”  Special Education Careers. 2017.  Accessed on: 04/30/19
Retrieved from: https://www.specialeducareers.com/resources/blog/7-reasons-to-use-visual-supports-in-the-early-childhood-ese-classroom

“Let There Be Light!”

The Head Start classroom that I am observing is an overall positive experience.  I am observing many effective teaching strategies, classroom management strategies, and teacher-student interaction.  The lead teacher and teacher assistant are compassionate about their role in the classroom.  The classroom is set up with blocks, dramatic play, an art area, and technology area.  Everything seems to be great!  Even though the room is somewhat small, the children are provided with numerous resources and materials to promote their learning.  Just one thing seems to be missing!! Where is the sunlight!??

I know what your thinking, Spring just started!  Well, we have had some really nice sunny days throughout these past couple of weeks.  I noticed in the classroom, the blinds are always closed and not a shed of sunlight shines through!  Now, of course there is light in the room, but not natural light!  Where is the natural light??  Even though there were days that it was 30 degrees outside, there was still sunshine!  It baffles me, as to why the center chooses not to open the blinds, to allow the natural light come through.  Even on a cloudy rainy day, the blinds should be open! I am one that loves natural light so it something I noticed instantly.  I do think it is important for students to have natural light in the classroom that they are in all day.  I associate lack of natural light with the feeling of being confined.

Something as little as opening the blinds allowing the children to view the outdoors promotes learning experiences.  Allowing the children to view the outdoors promotes vocabulary, conversation, and questions.
For Example:
The teacher-  “How would you describe today’s weather? Sunny, cloudy? ”
“What do you see outside today, do you see birds, squirrels, bugs, insects?”
The questions the teacher can ask can be endless.

I also noticed that the students do not typically go outside.  The center does not have a park on property so use a nearby park that is walking distance from the center. The teacher uses, a walk to the park as an incentive for positive behavior demonstrated throughout the week. The last time I was at the center it was about 65 degrees and sunny.  The class was suppose to go for a walk to the park, but because the teacher thought the children’s behavior was not up to par, she took away the walk to the park.  Keep in mind, that they do not normally go outside.  They are inside all day, in the same room for the majority of the day.

I believe children should be exposed to the outdoors because it is essential to their learning.  Even if children do not have the everyday access to go outside they should be able to see the outdoors.  An article called “Thinking Outside the Four Walls of the Classroom: A Canadian Nature Kindergarten.”
written by Elliot Enid and Frances Krusekpof, is about the effectiveness and significance of outdoor exploration and the impact it has on a child’s learning.  This Canadian kindergarten classroom is half day outside and half day in the classroom.  The students are outside regardless of what the weather brings. This may sound scary to the American public schooling but it is actually very effective!  Imagine all the learning these kindergartners are doing just by being in tone with nature.  These little ones are actually in control of their learning, encouraged to wonder, and most importantly being able to be kids!  Another nature based kindergarten class in Victoria, Australia, actually does not allow toys, tools or art supplies on certain days because they want to enhance their student’s experience when they are in nature.  This may sound a bit extreme but they are actually on to something.  In the article “Place-based nature kindergarten in Victoria:Australia: No tools, no toys, no art supplies”, states that “contact with nature myriad benefits for young children” (Christiansen, et. al. 2018).

Now, I am in no way saying that the Head Start center that I am placed in should all the sudden switch to a nature based center, but I do think that this center could in fact implement nature into their curriculum.  If these children are struggling with behavior issues, and are not “quiet” enough, perhaps they need time to  be kids and run around and explore the outdoors.  Some outside time just might help their inside voices become quieter and increase their attention span.  Let’s allow these children get their hands dirty in mud, splash in puddles, and touch creepy crawlers to allow children be the natural explorers they truly are!

References:

Christiansen, A. amechristiansen@gmail. co., Hannan, S. siobhan. hannan. melb@gmail. co., Anderson, K. karena63@gmail. co., Coxon, L. lcoxon@woodleigh. vic. edu. a., & Fargher, D. dougfargher@aapt. net. a. (2018). Place-based nature kindergarten in Victoria, Australia: No tools, no toys, no art supplies. Journal of Outdoor & Environmental Education, 21(1), 61–75. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42322-017-0001-6

Elliot, E. eelliot@uvic. c., & Krusekopf, F. kuret@yahoo. co. (2017). Thinking Outside the Four Walls of the Classroom: A Canadian Nature Kindergarten. International Journal of Early Childhood, 49(3), 375–389. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13158-017-0203-7

Calm in the Chaos

When you think of a preschool classroom you may think of organized fun or you may think of complete chaos.  Either way, the main objective for preschoolers is to learn through play.  Educators know the importance preschool programs, such as Head Start. From birth to age five, is the critical period where a child’s brain is developing faster than any other time period in their life.  So, what does this tell us?  What a child is exposed to from birth to age five, greatly impacts their development for the future.  Although the critical time period of brain development is the same for all children, how they learn is different for everyone.

OBSERVATION DAY

On the first day of observations, I arrived before the students.  This gave me the chance to properly meet my head teacher. She began to tell me about her students and described their personalities. She mentioned the classroom ranged from 3-5 years old.  She then described a little boy and his behavior, and she told me I would immediately know which one he is as soon as he arrives to the classroom. She described his behavior as being energetic, and struggles with following the rules.  Sounds like a typical toddler, right?  Well, she continued to tell me that he has an I.E.P, but did not state why.  She also mentioned that he struggles with sitting still, staying focused, gets distracted very easily, and gets easily upset and is more emotional than the other students.

She was right!  When we welcomed the students to the classroom, I could identify which student she was referring to. The day started off with free play and I observed him being very engrossed in playing with a makeshift action figure that he made with connecting blocks.  He would make very loud animated action noises, such as “BOOM!, GOTCHA!, VVVOOMMMM!” I noticed when he plays, he does not seek attention from other students.
He appeared to be completely content and

happy with just playing by himself. Once free play was over, he struggled with cleaning up and following directions.  His teacher provided the class a verbal warning, a musical timer and a visual for the whole class for clean up.  Even with the warnings and visuals, he needed reminders to listen and clean up.

He struggled when it was time to be seated on the carpet for morning meeting. His teacher allows him to sit at a table right by the carpet, with a bin of toys to prevent him from being frigidity.  Despite him being seated away from his peers, the teacher still called on him for his participation.  He understands that he must be seated at his seat, while it is “carpet time.”  The only time he was away from his table seat, was when he was called to participate in carpet time, then he would go directly back to his table seat.  During  centers, he chose dramatic play station, which was set up as a construction site.  He was playing with toy hammers, safety googles, hard hats, and blocks.  I took sometime to speak with him and ask him about his play.  He spoke clearly and spoke in full sentences.  I was  surprised at how well he spoke. Once again I observed him playing alone, and lacked interest to engage in play with others.  He struggled with transitioning centers, and became emotionally upset when told to do so. The teacher reminded him of his behavior incentive, to help him understand that he is to make good choices.  During gross-motor play time he was very active but became easily upset once he did not win the game.  He was crying frantically and refused to go back in line, when it was time to go back to the classroom.  Keep in mind, this was right before nap time, so he could have just been a tad bit cranky.

Transitioning to nap time was challenge for him as well.  But, what toddler doesn’t struggle with getting ready for nap time?  He eventually laid quietly on his mat and began to fall asleep.  After nap time, he was able to continue with his day without any major issues.  The teachers did have to remind him about his choices and behavior a few times, but not as often as before nap time. At the end of the day the staff praised him for what good choices he did make and reminded what choices he needed to think twice about.  There was no issues with getting ready to go home.  He ran to his nana when she came to pick him up!

Hmmm…I have some Questions…

After everything I observed, I had a ton of questions going through my mind.
This was the only time I had seen this young boy, so I really didn’t know much about him, only from what I observed in a few hours.

I had questions like:
What is he like at home?
What is home life like?  Since nana seems to be the main caretaker.
Are the behavioral strategies used in the classroom also used at home for him?

The main question that I decided to research was:
What are some teaching strategies that can be used for preschoolers with challenging behavior? 

Teachers are suppose to have a bag of tricks, right?  Well, what are those tricks when teaching children with challenging behavior and how effective are they?

The Research…

I am not aware if this child is diagnosed with ADHD, nor do I know the reasons as to why he has an I.E.P.  What I did know, was the behavior I observed and the characteristics his teacher was telling me are some of the characteristics of a child who has ADHD, and other learning disabilities.  In the scholar journal article, “Finding the Right Fit”  Shelley Murphy describes students with ADHD, having a weak executive functioning.  She goes into further detail about how a child’s executive functioning “helps set children up for success in the classroom” (Murphy 2014). So, if this function is weak, then we can imagine how a child can be “easily distracted, being fidgety, and having difficulty following directions and rules” (Murphy 2014).  She mentions a few strategies teachers can use to help guide students to a more effective school day.

I am pleased to say, a lot of what she suggest are strategies that the head teacher already does! Some of the strategies included were, ensuring eye contact with the student when speaking with them; chunking directions to avoid overwhelming the student, and using visuals to aid the student.  A strategy Murphy suggest, that my head teacher does not do, is to implement peace moments.  For a child who exhibits these characteristics, implementing peace moments during the daily schedule can help students reduce impulse behaviors.  So, what are peace moments?  Murphy describes them as “opportunities that students can close their eyes and focus on their breathing for a few minutes.”  In doing so, the child becomes calmer, and less reactive.  I also believe that these peace moments can help a child refocus on a task.  In reality, who wouldn’t benefit from a taking a few peace moments to recollect their thoughts?

Another strategy that can be used for teaching preschoolers with challenging behaviors is Video self-modeling (VSM).  Helen Regan and Julia Howe, talk about their research in implementing VSM, in their scholar journal article: Video self-modeling: an intervention for children with behavioural difficulties.
The VSM is an intervention on behavior, using video recordings of the child’s behavior, and allows the child to watch the recordings with an adult, most likely the teacher.  The purpose of VSM is to have the child watch their targeted behavior and identify what triggered the behavior and what they could have done differently.  The goal is to have the child be accountable for their behavior to self-reflect.  The VSM is done with confidentiality of the other students in the classroom and is typical used for children 4-6 years old.

I believe this student would benefit from identifying his behavior through video recordings and implementing a plan with his teacher to help him become more aware of his choices.  Despite the challenging behavior I observed, I also noticed an intelligent child inside! He has what it takes to make better choices, it will just take the proper guidance to help him!

So, What now?

I plan on sharing the questions and the research I have read with my head teacher, in hopes that will give her some ideas.  I plan to still observe the same child and ponder more questions and thoughts as the days go by.  I believe in my heart that he is a genuinely loving child, that can easily be misunderstood and that is why my I chose to observe him. Perhaps, it is not the student who should adjust but the teaching should adjust to the individual students, and then we really will find calmness in chaos.

References:

Murphy, S. shelley. murphy@utoronto. c. (2014). Finding the Right Fit. YC: Young Children69(3), 66–71.
Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eue&AN=97143506&authtype=sso&custid=s3915890&site=ehost-live

Regan, H. H. R. gov. u., & Howe, J. (2017). Video self-modelling: an intervention for children with behavioural difficulties. Educational Psychology in Practice33(1), 93–102. https://doi.org/10.1080/02667363.2016.1233862